(Xxviii) the League of Nations and the United Nations
1. History
(1) the purpose of establishing an international coalition, is to maintain the imperialist world order, to prevent the recurrence of war. Its purpose is to ensure international peace and security , the dissolution of the League of Nations in 1946. 26 years of existence of the League of Nations, the United Nations for the future of many aspects of effective experience.
(2) 1945 2 Yalta decision: to prepare the post-war cooperation agencies to establish the United Nations on 10 .1945 May the United Nations was established. Headquartered in New York and major institutions such as the UN General Assembly and the Security Council. The United Nations aims to safeguard international peace and security, development of friendly relations of equality among nations and promoting international peace cooperation, harmonization of national action. United Nations Charter restore the rights of the PRC in the UN. China to re-acquire a permanent seat on the Security Council. China in international affairs and play an increasingly important role.
(3) understanding of northeastern China, the League of Nations dealing with the problem, deal with the Italian invasion of Ethiopia nature. of this century the United Nations dealing with North Korea starting point is what? impact on how state parties?
2. Political
(1) Contact current affairs awareness in the United Nations in international affairs, the increasing role to play. So , Member States should strictly abide by the purposes and principles of the United Nations, safeguarding the UN authority, and actively work to contribute to world peace and development. of justice in the Security Council and the principle of seeking truth from facts, part of the solution of international disputes, the United Nations has contributed to the cause.
(2) learn the importance of China's foreign policy and recognized by the world of international relations and peaceful coexistence; China within the United Nations made the diplomatic achievement.
(3) the trend of world multi-polarization, the international organizations in dealing with international relations and promoting peace and development issues play an increasingly important role in .2001 June 14, China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, , Tajikistan and Uzbekistan signed a organizations and the outside world. the six countries for future cooperation and joint fight against terrorism, separatism and extremism, to promote world multi-polarization process of great significance.
(xxix) the two world wars
1. History
(1) the reasons for the outbreak of World War I
①: root causes political economy of capitalist uneven development; specific reasons for the formation of two major military blocs of imperialism and the imperialist countries to further the development of three contradictions; direct cause of the Sarajevo assassination.
② the reasons the U.S. entered the war: the war close to end, in order to gain booty, as fear of the other belligerent, like the Russian revolution. the United States to Germany's the outbreak of reasons: the inherent contradictions of imperialism, the world economic crisis; Asia and Europe, and the formation of the two hotbeds of war, aggression and fascist state; British and French appeasement contributed to the implementation of the aggressive arrogance of the fascist state.
② World War II: 1939 September 1, Germany, Poland raids of World War II broke out. Britain and France declared war on the Germans after the attack did not, leading to destruction of Poland. the Soviet Union from their own security interests, establish Summer at the turn of the German large-scale attack in the West Nordic, Western European countries, the occupation of Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Belgium. Dunkirk successful retreat. the Italian Army entered the war. French surrender.
④ World War II expansion: 1941 June, the Germans raided the Soviet Union, Soviet-German War broke out on 7 December .1941, after the Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, the U.S. entered the war.
⑤ U.S. began the war: the war because the threat of fascist aggression against U.S. interests, the United States to gradually change ; neutral Spengler campaign to promote the transition of the war; June 1942 Battle of Midway, the Japanese offensive into by the defense; the autumn of 1942 Battle of El Alamein, North Africa, the Germans surrendered in 1943; June 1944 Battle of Normandy, the German attack by something.
⑦ four international conferences: November 1943 meeting held in Cairo, to demand the return of the Chinese territory; December 1943 meeting held in Tehran, the Soviet Union proposed to be coordinated operation Anglo-American; February 1945 Yalta Conference was held, decided to establish the United Nations; 1945 July Zhaokai Potsdam Conference, urged Japan to surrender unconditionally.
⑧ victory in World War II: September 1943 Italy surrendered, its remnants to recalcitrance on 1945 .1945 May 8, Germany surrendered on August 15 .1945 , Japan declared surrender.
⑨ of World War II: war caused unprecedented suffering people of the world; war to destroy fascism, a heavy blow to imperialism, to promote the development of the national liberation movement after the war formed the socialist camp; objective to promote scientific and technological progress.
2.
contact two world wars and the political world today the two major themes of the World Anti-Fascist War is the root cause of what? which inspired human beings to stay? How can maintenance of world peace? China to the world peace and the principles and position? the main obstacle to peace today is what? the developing countries cope with the development of world peace and make greater contribution.
3. Geographic
What are the countries of the warring parties? clear its geographical location and the profile of the countries. neutrals What?
(thirty) of U.S. foreign policy
1. History
U.S. foreign policy overseas expansion and seek hegemony as the main feature.
(1) the expansion of U.S. policy: America's second president, John. Adams threatened the territory of the United States is Monroe Doctrine, ;. as in China and other powers to obtain the same rights, requested the Chinese Truman that world affairs.
(2) U.S. neutrality policy: pre-First World War to implement fish trophy, give up and strategic materials, to prevent U.S. involvement in the Italian invasion of Ethiopia in the war .1935, 1936, armed intervention in Spain, Germany, Italy and France, the United States continue to implement the policy of neutrality, which confused the war, justice and injustice, in essence, is an appeasement . During World War II, to modify April 1917, declared war on Germany, to participate in a war .1941 in December the United States declared war on Japan, to participate in World War II .1950 -1953 aggression on the Korean war .20 Century 60's to 1973 Vietnam War aggression .1991 In launching the Gulf War against Iraq.
2. Political
(1) the nature of the relationship between phenomenology and understanding of the principle of the ; dollar diplomacy , of understanding the history of the U.S. policy of neutrality.
(3) the implementation of U.S. foreign expansion by U.S. hegemonic policy is decided by the nature of capitalist countries, serving the interests of its country, reflecting the external functions of the capitalist countries .
(4) in today's world, the United States pursued hegemony and power politics is the world's major obstacle to peace and development. U.S. attempt to establish its peace-loving and justice-upholding people's opposition and resistance.
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